Paradigms of Scientific Integration in Sumatra's State Islamic Universities
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v14i1.2608Keywords:
Paradigm, Scientific Integration, Islamic EpistemologyAbstract
This article examines the paradigm of scientific integration in Islamic religious universities in Sumatra through a comparative and contextual approach. Although studies on scientific integration have grown rapidly, most remain confined to normative discussions and have not sufficiently examined how integration is constructed, interpreted, and implemented within diverse institutional contexts. Using a quasi-qualitative approach based on in-depth interviews, academic observations, document analysis, and focus group discussions (FGDs), this study explores the dynamics of scientific integration in three State Islamic Universities: UIN North Sumatra, UIN Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, and UIN Raden Fatah Palembang. The findings show that scientific integration is not understood as a singular unification of religious and scientific disciplines, but as a multi-layered epistemological process encompassing philosophical orientations, methodological alignments, and academic practices. Variations in integration paradigms emerge according to each institution’s vision, historical trajectory, and academic strategy, shaping different models of curriculum design, research orientation, and academic culture. These results indicate that the paradigm of scientific integration in Sumatra develops in a dynamic and context-dependent pattern rather than as a standardized institutional model. Beyond the local context, this study offers a reflective analytical framework for understanding scientific integration as a living epistemological process, contributing to broader discussions on Islamic higher education and contemporary global epistemological challenges.
References
Abbas, S., Mukhlas, O. S., Neonbeni, R. V., Saebani, B. A., Judijanto, L., Saepullah, U., & Sistyawan, D. J. (2025). The Application of Kafā’ah and Weton in the Socio-Legal Development of Marriage Law in East Java. Nurani: Jurnal Kajian syari’ah Dan Masyarakat, 25(2), 493-513. https://doi.org/10.19109/nurani.v25i2.28041
Abd Ghani, A. R., Huda, M., Sholihah, M., ZA, T., & Hussin, H. (2025). Tahfiz (Memorization Sciences) Curriculum Practice: An Empirical Study from Private School in Johor, Malaysia. Nazhruna: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 8(1), 233–245. https://doi.org/10.31538/nzh.v8i1.265
Abdullah, M. A. (2020). The Intersubjective Type of Religiosity: Theoretical Framework and Methodological Construction for Developing Human Sciences in a Progressive Muslim Perspective. Al-Jami’ah: Journal of Islamic Studies, 58(1), 63–102. https://doi.org/10.14421/ajis.2020.581.63-102
Abdullah, M.M., Mohd Arif, M.I.A., Abd Manaf, A.A., & Sabri, N.F. (2025). Integration of Absolute Assignment in the Takaful Industry and its Implications on Islamic Estate Planning. Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Dan Hukum Islam, 9(1), 495-522. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v9i1.26455
Al Walid, K., Miri, M., Rijal, S., Gama, C. B., & Norman, N. A. (2024). Irfānī Epistemology and Indonesian Islam from Jabiri’s Fragmentation to Neo-Sadra’s Integration: An Islamic Philosophical Approach. Ulumuna, 28(2), 738–768. https://doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v28i2.912
Al-Attas, M. Naguib. (2023). Islam: The Covenants Fulfilled. Ta’dib International.
Amalia, E. R., Dwi Bhakti Indri M, Khoiriyati, S., Ummah, N., Oviani, M., Kusumawardhani, J., & Umayyah, U. (2025). Bridging Educational Reform and Faith: Evaluating Kurikulum Merdeka’s Compatibility with Islamic Values in Madrasahs. Munaddhomah: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 5(4), 483–500. https://doi.org/10.31538/munaddhomah.v5i4.1413
Anand, G., Larson, E. C., & Mahoney, J. T. (2020). Thomas Kuhn on Paradigms. Production and Operations Management, 29(7), 1650–1657. https://doi.org/10.1111/poms.13188
Andi Murniati. (2025). The Construction of Islamic Religious Education Curriculum Based on Desecularistic-Implementative Approach. Progresiva: Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Pendidikan Islam, 14(01), 63–80. https://doi.org/10.22219/progresiva.v14i01.38200
Anwar, A., Yasin, A., Yusra, N., Mujtahid, I. M., & Hardila, D. (2023). TAWHID: As a Basis for Science Development. Journal of Natural Science and Integration, 6(2), 196. https://doi.org/10.24014/jnsi.v6i2.21862
Arodha, D., Panorama, M., Moh. Syawaludin, & Musari, K. (2025). Can Muslim Communities Empower through Ethnic-based? A Case Study in Indonesia. International Journal of Islamic Khazanah, 15(1), 36–47. https://doi.org/10.15575/ijik.v15i1.48990
Asnawi, N., & Zuhdi, M. (2025). Deconstructing Logocentrism and School-Centrism in Indonesia’s Islamic Education: A Critical Epistemological Analysis. Education Sciences, 15(12), 1615. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci15121615
Bayu Astra, N. P., Hafid, E., & Suban, A. (2024). Scout Extracurricular Curriculum Management in Improving Student Discipline in Madrasah. Munaddhomah: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 5(2), 161–172. https://doi.org/10.31538/munaddhomah.v5i2.810
Carvalho, L., Almeida, D., Loures, A., Ferreira, P., & Rebola, F. (2024). Quality Education for All: A Fuzzy Set Analysis of Sustainable Development Goal Compliance. Sustainability, 16(12), 5218. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16125218
Chaparro-Banegas, N., Mas-Tur, A., & Roig-Tierno, N. (2024). Challenging Critical Thinking in Education: New Paradigms of Artificial Intelligence. Cogent Education, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2024.2437899
Dairabi Kamil, Abdul Hamid Busthami Nur, & Yoki Irawan. (2025). Internationalisation of Islamic Higher Education in Indonesia and Malaysia: A Comparative Analysis of Rationales, Challenges, Strategies and Practices. Journal of International Studies, 21(2), 148–176. https://doi.org/10.32890/jis2025.21.2.8
Desy Utari, Abidin, M., Yuniar Yuniar, & Junaidah Junaidah. (2025). Integration of General Knowledge and Religion Policy for the Emergence of Integrated Islamic Schools. International Journal of Education and Literature, 4(1), 267–278. https://doi.org/10.55606/ijel.v4i1.217
Doll Kawaid, A. I. S., Yabi, S., Syed Hassan, S. N., Mujab, M., & Kahar, S. (2025). Integration of Knowledge: Comparison of Experiences in Malaysian and Indonesian Universities. MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman, 49(2), 269. https://doi.org/10.30821/miqot.v49i2.1254
Elena Lvovna, S. . (2024). Japanese Philosophy as the Result of History of the National Spiritual Tradition. Ascarya: Journal of Islamic Science, Culture, and Social Studies, 4(1), 103-111. https://doi.org/10.53754/iscs.v4i1.672
Fife, S. T., & Gossner, J. D. (2024). Deductive Qualitative Analysis: Evaluating, Expanding, and Refining Theory. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 23. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069241244856
H. H., & Hayden, W. (2024). The Epistemology of Ta’dib in Islamic Civilizational Discourse: Reviving and Reconstructing Contemporary Muslim Scholars’ Views. Journal of Al-Tamaddun, 19(1), 181–197. https://doi.org/10.22452/JAT.vol19no1.14
Habibi, H. (2024). Revitalization of the Islamic Education Paradigm: An Islamic Epistemological Perspective. Bestari, 21(2), 102. https://doi.org/10.36667/bestari.v21i2.1532
Haryanto, S., Sukawi, S., & Muslih, M. (2025). Uniting Tradition and Modernity: Scientific Paradigms of Pesantren-Based Universities. Nazhruna: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 7(3), 684–704. https://doi.org/10.31538/nzh.v7i3.48
Hasanah, S. M., Inayati, I. N., Ismail, A. B., Ulum, M. S., Kawakip, A. N., Marno, M., Hidayatullah, A. D., & Fauziyah, U. (2025). The Integration of Islamic Family Law into Muslim Community Education in Japan: Socio-Cultural Dynamics in a Minority Context. Nurani: Jurnal Kajian syari’ah Dan Masyarakat, 25(2), 578-598. https://doi.org/10.19109/nurani.v25i2.31145
Herlambang, S., & Parwanto, W. (2023). Paradigm Shifts in the Interpretation of Heaven Illustration Among Indonesian Mufassir: A Comparative Analysis of As-Singkili, Hamka, and M. Quraish. Jurnal Studi Ilmu-Ilmu Al-Qur’an Dan Hadis, 24(1), 181-204. https://doi.org/10.14421/qh.v24i1.4454
Hermawati, R. ., Praja, D. W. ., & Umam, K. . (2025). A Cross-Sectional Study of the Relationship Between BMI and Menstrual Cycle Regularity in Women of Reproductive Age in Pamekasan. Ascarya: Journal of Islamic Science, Culture, and Social Studies, 5(1), 129-141. https://doi.org/10.53754/4jtssc51
Ilyas, I., Rani, F.A., Bahri, S., & Sufyan, S. (2023). The Accommodation of Customary Law to Islamic Law: Distribution of Inheritance in Aceh from a Pluralism Perspectives. Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Dan Hukum Islam, 7(2), 897-919. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v7i2.15650
Jaffary Awang, M. A. F. N. (2020). Islamic Educational Thought in Indonesia: Study of Azyumardi Azra’s Thought. Islamiyyat, 42(2), 61–70. https://doi.org/10.17576/islamiyyat-2020-4202-06
Johnson, E. L. (2021). A Doxological Necessity: The Use of Biblical, Philosophical, and Empirical Knowledge to Construct a Comprehensive Christian Psychological and Therapeutic Science. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 49(3), 235–256. https://doi.org/10.1177/0091647121995840
Lapsley, D., & Chaloner, D. (2020). Post-truth and Science Identity: A Virtue-Based Approach to Science Education. Educational Psychologist, 55(3), 132–143. https://doi.org/10.1080/00461520.2020.1778480
Mohamed, M. M. A. (2023). Islamism and Jihad: The Problem With Western Taxonomies. Ulumuna, 27(2), 715–734. https://doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v27i2.741
Muliati, M., Hannani, H., Ilham, M., Anwar, K., Al Jadi, S. (2025). Dialectics of Theology and Ecology in Ammatoa ri Kajang in Bulukumba, Indonesia: Paradigm of Tawhidic and Environmental Fiqh in Sulapa Appa. Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Dan Hukum Islam, 9(1), 374-393. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v9i1.28242
Muthohirin, N., Aziz, A. A., Mahfud, C., Mukhlis, F., & Hikmawati, R. (2025). Islamic Sciences in Transition: Post-Reformation Developments in Indonesia’s State Islamic Universities. Ulumuna, 29(1), 429–460. https://doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v29i1.849
Nor, A., Yusuf, M., & Arabi, I. (2024). Strategies for Improving the Professionalism of Islamic Education Teachers at University. Tafkir: Interdisciplinary Journal of Islamic Education, 5(1), 40–61. https://doi.org/10.31538/tijie.v5i1.774
Okolie, U. C., Igwe, P. A., Nwosu, H. E., Eneje, B. C., & Mlanga, S. (2020). Enhancing Graduate Employability: Why do Higher Education Institutions Have Problems with Teaching Generic Skills? Policy Futures in Education, 18(2), 294–313. https://doi.org/10.1177/1478210319864824
Pairin, P., Syahrul, S., Badarwan, B., & Samrin, S. (2024). The Integration of the Islamic and Customary Law in Tolaki Society, Southeast Sulawesi: Islamic History and Education Perspectives. Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Dan Hukum Islam, 8(3), 1669-1690. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v8i3.24055
Qadafy, M. Z., & Yunita, Y. (2025). Just a Philomath, not a Polymath: Did the Paradigm of Integration-Interconnection of Sciences Obscure or Illuminate the Study of the Qur’an and Tafsir in Academic Institution?. Jurnal Studi Ilmu-Ilmu Al-Qur’an Dan Hadis, 26(1), 53-76. https://doi.org/10.14421/qh.v26i1.5790
Ramli, R., Razali, R., Gadeng, A. N., Diana, N., & Hariadi, J. (2025). Integrating Local Knowledge into Higher Education: A Qualitative Study of Curriculum Innovation in Aceh, Indonesia. Education Sciences, 15(9), 1214. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci15091214
Roqib, Moh., & As Sabiq, A. H. (2022). The Prophetic Education Paradigm as the Scientific Integration of UIN Saifuddin Zuhri in Merdeka Belajar Policy. Al-Ta Lim Journal, 29(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.15548/jt.v29i1.716
Rozi, B., Pujiono, P., & Maskud, M. (2023). Islamic Boarding Schools and Universities’ Curriculum Management Based on Spiritual and Intellectual Mentality. Munaddhomah: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 4(2), 187–196. https://doi.org/10.31538/munaddhomah.v4i2.329
Salmona, M., & Kaczynski, D. (2024). Qualitative Data Analysis Strategies. In How to Conduct Qualitative Research in Finance (pp. 80–96). Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781803927008.00012
Schmidt, M., Earnshaw, Y., Jahnke, I., & Tawfik, A. A. (2024). Correction: Entangled Eclecticism: A Sociotechnical-Pedagogical Systems Theory Approach to Learning Experience Design. Educational Technology Research and Development, 72(6), 3495–3495. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-024-10387-5
Schreiber, F., & Cramer, C. (2022). Towards a Conceptual Systematic Review: Proposing a Methodological Framework. Educational Review, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131911.2022.2116561
Serrone, G. Del, Cantisani, G., & Peluso, P. (2023). Speed Data Collection Methods: A Review. Transportation Research Procedia, 69, 512–519. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2023.02.202
Seyyed Hossein Nasr. (2020). History of Islamic Philosophy (S. H. Nasr & O. Leaman, Eds.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003070733
Shehu, F. (2023). Investigating Ismāʿīl Rājī al-Fārūqī’s Methodology in the Study of Christianity through Selected Textual Analysis from his Christian Ethics. Intellectual Discourse, 31(1). https://doi.org/10.31436/id.v31i1.1913
Siedlecki, S. L. (2020). Quasi-Experimental Research Designs. Clinical Nurse Specialist, 34(5), 198–202. https://doi.org/10.1097/NUR.0000000000000540
Sirojuddin, A., Maskuri, M., & Ghoni, J. (2025). Integration of Higher Education Curriculum with Islamic Boarding Schools in the Perspective of Multicultural Islamic Education. Nazhruna: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 8(2), 265–281. https://doi.org/10.31538/nzh.v8i2.163
Suwendi, S., Mesraini, M., Azka, F. L., & Gama, C. B. (2024). Implementation of Knowledge Integration in Islamic Higher Education. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 10(1), 41–52. https://doi.org/10.15575/jpi.v10i1.35385
Syam, A. S. M., & Ishak, I. (2025). Bridging Policy and Practice: Evaluating the Curriculum Effectiveness in Fostering Religious Moderation and 21st-Century Competencies. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 11(2), 403–414. https://doi.org/10.15575/jpi.v11i2.49596
Tabrani ZA. (2015). Persuit Epistemology of Islamic Studies. Penerbit Ombak.
Umbar, K., Azkiyah, S. N., Maswani, M., Wahab, M. A., & Zulkifli, Z. (2025). A Systematic Review of AI-Powered Language Teaching Trends, Innovations, and Challenges. Ascarya: Journal of Islamic Science, Culture, and Social Studies, 5(2), 248–261. https://doi.org/10.53754/rth2mc61
Uytterhoeven, T. (2024). Theology and Science on the Evolution of Religion, 16. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-67364-1
Vencatsamy, B. (2024). The world Religions Paradigm: Why Context Matters in Religious Studies. Critical Research on Religion, 12(1), 12–25. https://doi.org/10.1177/20503032241226966
Ye (叶澜), L. (2024). Tracing the Origin and Creating the Future to Find the Lost Dimension of Nature in Modern Education: The Second Follow-up Study of Life-Practice Educology. ECNU Review of Education. https://doi.org/10.1177/20965311241227450
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Anhar Anhar, Zainal Efendi Hasibuan, Muhammad Darwis Dasopang, Erawadi Erawadi, Magdalena Magdalena, Fakhruddin Fakhruddin, Suwardi Suwardi (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms: (1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC-BY-SA) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal; (2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal; (3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website), as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
