Beyond the Motive: Lessons Learned from Work Commitment Based on Pesantren
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v14i1.1825Keywords:
Motivation, Work Commitment, Pesantren, ValuesAbstract
Educators’ performance in Pesantren is often measured by the salaries they receive. The salaries of educators and administrative staff at Pesantren are often below the minimum wage. Thus, work motivation arises not from the fulfilment of biological needs, but from the operation of higher values of life’s meaning. This research aimed to understand the forms of pesantren-based work motivation and the factors that shape it. The research employed a qualitative approach with a phenomenological design to explore the forms of motivation rooted in Pesantren values that influence the commitment to work of teaching and educational staff. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis in traditional Pesantrens in East Java. Data analysis was carried out using MAXQDA. The research results showed that the forms of Pesantren-based work motivation consisted of ruhul jihad, sincerity of intention, management of responsibility, self-control, and spirit of service. The research results also showed that the factors that form Pesantren-based work motivation consisted of qasd al-Amal (intention to work), vertical and horizontal balance, tabarrukan, career sustainability and job security, and interpersonal connectedness. These values, deeply embedded in the Pesantren environment, contribute to a strong work commitment that is intrinsic and enduring.
References
Abubakar, A., Maifizar, A., Fajri, H., Basri, B., Arif, A. M., & Saputra, N. (2025). Integrating Entrepreneurial Values Into Faith-Based Education: a Study of Traditional Pesantren in Aceh. Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun, 13(2), 1421–1446. https://doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v13i2.1934
Agusnaya, N., Wahid, A., Akbar, Muh., Hidayat M, W., Sanatang, S., Soeharto, S., & Lavicza, Z. (2024). Enhancing Digital Learning in Higher Education: The Mediating Role of Academic Self-Efficacy in Motivation and Engagement. Online Learning In Educational Research (OLER), 4(2), 167–183. https://doi.org/10.58524/oler.v4i2.505
Akdemir, E. (2020). The Determination of Teachers’ Motivation Based on Herzberg’s Motivation Theory. The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 19(4), 89–101. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1272850
Aslam, M., Mazhar, S., Sarwar, M., & Chaudhary, A. H. (2022). Effects of Teachers’ Demographic Factors towards Workplace Spirituality at Secondary School Level. South African Journal of Education, 42(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.15700/saje.v42n1a2025
Baharun, H., Sabran, Ilyasin, M., Duraesa, M. A., Dinda Maulida Thohir, P. F., & Zaini, A. W. (2025). the Role of the Kyai in Shaping Community Preferences: Mediating the Impact of Service Quality and Teacher Commitment. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 11(2), 344–361. https://doi.org/10.15575/jpi.v11i2.44827
Burga, M. A., & Damopolii, M. (2022). Reinforcing Religious Moderation Through Local Culture-Based Pesantren. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 8(2), 145–162. https://doi.org/10.15575/jpi.v8i2.19879
Darwanto, A., Prahmana, R. C. I., Susanti, A., & Khalil, I. A. (2024). Transformation of Boarding School Management Models in Enhancing Student Accessibility and Educational Quality. Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 21(1), 145–164. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpai.v21i1.8632
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Conceptualizations of Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination. In Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior (pp. 11–40). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2271-7_2
Đorđević, M., Glumbić, N., Memisevic, H., Brojčin, B., & Krstov, A. (2022). Parent-Teacher Interactions, Family Stress, Well-Being, and Parental Depression as Contributing Factors to Parental Involvement Mechanisms in Education of Children with Autism. International Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 68(6), 838–849. https://doi.org/10.1080/20473869.2021.1896962
Farhan, F., & Rofi’ulmuiz, M. A. (2021). Religiosity and Emotional Intelligence on Muslim Student Learning Achievement. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 10(2), 404–411. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v10i2.20997
Guillén, M., Ferrero, I., & Hoffman, W. M. (2015). The Neglected Ethical and Spiritual Motivations in the Workplace. Journal of Business Ethics, 128(4), 803–816. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-013-1985-7
Haryanto, S., Sukawi, S., & Muslih, M. (2025). Uniting Tradition and Modernity: Scientific Paradigms of Pesantren-Based Universities. Nazhruna: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 7(3), 684–704. https://doi.org/10.31538/nzh.v7i3.48
Hidayatullah, M. S., & Hidayanto, N. (2023). English learning motivation and pragmatic competence: Correlational study of non-English major postgraduate students in java. Englisia: Journal of Language, Education, and Humanities, 10(2), 164. https://doi.org/10.22373/ej.v10i2.15130
Hofstede, G. (1986). Book Reviews : Edgar H. Schein: Organizational Culture and Leadership: A Dynamic View 1985, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. 358 pages. Organization Studies, 7(2), 199–201. https://doi.org/10.1177/017084068600700208
Hollyforde, S., & Whiddett, S. (2002). The Motivation Handbook. Management Pocketbooks Ltd., Hants, England, 296.
Huda, M. N., Supratno, H., & Hariyati, N. (2025). Strategic Institutional Reform in Islamic Higher Education: The Case of Two Pesantren-Based Universities. Munaddhomah: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 6(3), 465–482. https://doi.org/10.31538/munaddhomah.v6i3.1863
Jones, C., Khalil, D., Mander, K., Yeoh, A., & Moro, C. (2022). Providing Dementia Education with Augmented Reality: A Health Sciences and Medicine Feasibility Pilot Study. Research in Learning Technology, 30(1063519), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.25304/rlt.v30.2668
Khoirunnisak, K., Abdullah, A., Mudarris, B., & Maiyeenah Pochiseng. (2023). The Learning Behaviour Based on Islamic Value; Strategy Improvement for Pesantren Sustainability. Journal of Educational Management Research, 2(1), 41–52. https://doi.org/10.61987/jemr.v2i1.249
Kidushin, R., Kushnir, T., & Davidovitch, N. (2021). The Connection between Motivation and Job Significance among Academically Trained Employees: A Case Study of Workers in Out-of-Home Settings. International Journal of Higher Education, 10(6), 171–185. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v10n6p171
Kulakoglu, B., & Kondakci, Y. (2023). STEM Education as a Concept Borrowing Issue: Perspectives of School Administrators in Turkey. ECNU Review of Education, 6(1), 84–104. https://doi.org/10.1177/20965311221107390
Losoncz, A. (2011). Spiritual Motivation in Management. In Spirituality and Ethics in Management, 19, (pp. 75-94). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1153-2_5
Miner, J. B. (2020). Organizational Culture Theory and Process Consultation: Edgar Schein. In Organizational Behavior, 2, (pp. 350–370). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315702001-30
Mohiyeddini, C. (2024). Cross-Cultural Online Education: Benefits, Challenges, and Solutions. Online Learning In Educational Research (OLER), 4(2), 157–166. https://doi.org/10.58524/oler.v4i2.456
Moloi, M. J., & Motlhabane, A. T. (2023). Curriculum Integration of Physical Sciences, Engineering Science, Technology Subjects in Relation to the Technical Sciences Curriculum. South African Journal of Education, 43(2), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.15700/saje.v43n2a2209
Morley, C., & Aston, S. (2023). Overcoming Isolation with Community Based Digital Writing Initiatives. Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice, 20(2), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.53761/1.20.02.03
Muary, R., & Nurwahyu, A. (2024). Tuan Guru Batak: A Phenomenon of Religion, Culture and Practical Politics. Malikussaleh Social & Political Reviews, 5(1), 7–14. https://ojs.unimal.ac.id/index.php/mspr/article/view/12248
Mundiri, A. (2016). Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dalam Membangun Budaya Kerja Berbasis Pesantren: Studi Multi Situs di SMA Nurul Jadid dan SMA Unggulan Hafshawaty Zainul Hasan Probolinggo (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim). http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/id/eprint/5544
Mundiri, A. (2016). The Leadership of Headmaster in Building a Work Culture Based on Pesantren. In International Conference on Education and Training (pp. 1-7).
Mundiri, A., & Manshur, U. (2020). School Principals’ Self-Identity According to The Perspective of Transpersonal Psychology. Al-Tahrir: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam, 20(1), 75–95. https://doi.org/10.21154/altahrir.v20i1.2005
Mundiri, A., & Sa’adah, R. (2018). Purifikasi Tujuan Pendidikan Perspektif Ibn ‘Aṭā’illāh. Dirāsāt: Jurnal Manajemen Dan Pendidikan Islam, 4(2), 172–193. http://journal.unipdu.ac.id/index.php/dirasat/article/view/1536
Mutammam, Anggraeni, D., Akhmad Afroni, Sutrisno, Aisyah Zubaidah, & Irfanullah, G. (2025). Adaptation and Transformation of Pesantren Education in Facing The Era of Muslim Society 5.0. Nazhruna: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 7(3), 705–726. https://doi.org/10.31538/nzh.v7i3.114
Mutesasira, G., & Marongwe, N. (2024). Motivation Strategies for Enhancing Teacher Performance and Wellness in Post-COVID-19 Rural South African Schools. Journal of Pedagogical Research, 8(2), 66–80. https://doi.org/10.33902/JPR.202426100
Nadhif Muhammad Mumtaz, Alghani, E. M., & Doli Witro. (2024). Educational Policy Analysis: Examining Pesantren Policies and Their Implications on the Independence of Kyai and Pesantren in the Contemporary Era. Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 21(2), 287–306. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpai.v21i2.9612
Nguyen, P. T., Luu, K., To, H. T., Tran-Thien, G. P., Tran-Chi, P. L., Nguyen-Thi, N. H., Ho, Q. N. N., & Tran-Chi, V. L. (2025). The Role of Religiosity and Stress in Entrepreneurial Motivation and Intention among University Students. Educational Process: International Journal, 17, e2025315. https://doi.org/10.22521/edupij.2025.17.315
Nilan, P. (2009). The “Spirit of Education” in Indonesian Pesantren. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 30(2), 219–232. https://doi.org/10.1080/01425690802700321
Nirmala, P., Suhardi, I., Kaswar, A. B., Surianto, D. F., B, M. F., Soeharto, S., & Lavicza, Z. (2025). Enhancing Computational Thinking Skills through Digital Literacy and Blended Learning: The Mediating Role of Learning Motivation. Online Learning In Educational Research (OLER), 5(1), 9–24. https://doi.org/10.58524/oler.v5i1.504
Özkan, P., Süer, S., Keser, İ. K., & Kocakoç, İ. D. (2020). The Effect of Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction on Customer Loyalty: The Mediation of Perceived Value of Services, Corporate Image, and Corporate Reputation. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 38(2), 384–405. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-03-2019-0096
Prasojo, E., Zulkarnain, Z. P., Ferdiansyah, J., Puspasari, D., & Holidin, D. (2025). Infusing Indigenous Islamic Values into Western-Style Public Administration in Indonesia: The Role of Pesantren Institutions. In Islamic Public Value, (pp. 308-334). Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781035333646.00026
Pratiwi, D. P., & Warlizasusi, J. (2023). The Effect of Principal Leadership and Work Motivation on Junior High School Teacher Performance. Kharisma: Jurnal Administrasi Dan Manajemen Pendidikan, 2(1), 18–25. https://doi.org/10.59373/kharisma.v2i1.16
Purnomo, H. (2022). Organizational Commitment in Islamic Boarding School: The Implementation of Organizational Behavior Integrative Model. Perspektivy Nauki i Obrazovania, 57(3), 354–371. https://doi.org/10.32744/pse.2022.3.20
Radino, R., & Mubarok, M. H. (2025). Critical Pedagogy and Dialogic Learning in Classical Islamic Boarding Schools: An Analysis of Discussion Practices in Madrasah Diniyyah Al-Munawwir Krapyak. Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 22(1), 255–274. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpai.v22i1.10801
Rasyidin, R., Prasetyo, M. A. M., Naeem, A. F., & Ritonga, A. S. (2025). The Role of Pesantren Cultural Values in Enhancing Teacher Professional Identity and Commitment. At-Ta'dib, 20(1), 19-34. https://doi.org/10.21111/attadib.v20i1.13927
Rofifah, S., Sirojuddin, A., Ma`arif, M. A., & Mitra Zuana, M. M. (2021). The Influence of Organizational Culture and Work Motivation on Teacher Performance at the International Standard School, Amanatul Ummah Mojokerto. Nidhomul Haq : Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 6(1), 27–40. https://doi.org/10.31538/ndh.v6i1.899
Rozaki, A., & Izudin, A. (2025). Peacebuilding Pesantren: The Study of Madurese Diaspora in Reinforcing Social Resilience in Post-ethnic Conflicts West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Ulumuna, 29(1), 155–187. https://doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v29i1.1432
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2020). Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation from a Self-Determination Theory Perspective: Definitions, Theory, Practices, and Future Directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 61, 101860. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2020.101860
Sabarudin, S., Mubin, M. N., Maghfuri, A., Achadi, M. W., Mardeli, M., Syarnubi, S., & Widodo, S. A. (2024). Navigating Existence and Community Harmony: a Case Study of Pondok Pesantren in Muslim Minority Ende, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun, 12(3), 1335–1356. https://doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v12i3.1152
Salamat, S. M., & Khalili, M. (2021). Design and Evaluation of a Web-Based Game for Children to Visit the National Museum of Iran. In Proceedings of the 3rd International Serious Games Symposium, ISGS 2021 (pp. 69–74). https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGS54702.2021.9684764
Shivolo, T., & Mokiwa, H. O. (2024). Secondary School Teachers’ Conceptions of Teaching Science Practical Work through Inquiry-Based Instruction. Journal of Education in Science, Environment and Health, 120–139. https://doi.org/10.55549/jeseh.693
Smith, A. F. (1996). The Leader of the Future. Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies, 3(2), 94–106. https://doi.org/10.1177/107179199600300208
Sodikin, M. (2025). Ihsan Values and Organizational Commitment: An Integrated Review Based on the Costly Signaling Theory of Religion. In Management, Business and Organization: Internalization of Islamic Values in the Workplace. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-105024642834&partnerID=40&md5=168613457729f954af07f6b0e21826d8
Sutomo, S., Musnandar, A., Alzitawi, D. U. D. M., & Sutrisno, S. (2024). Religious-Sociocultural Networks and Social Capital Enhancement in Pesantren. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 10(1), 137–148. https://doi.org/10.15575/jpi.v10i1.19997
Tobroni. (2005). Perilaku Kepemimpinan Spiritual dalam Pengembangan Organisasi Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran. Disertasi, UIN Sunan Kalijaga, Yogyakarta. In Disertasi. Pasca Sarjana.
Yusuf, M. I., Maimun, A., Basri, & As’ad, M. (2024). Transformational Leadership of KH. Yusuf Hasyim in Preserving Traditional Islamic Education at Pesantren Tebuireng. Munaddhomah: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 5(4), 383–394. https://doi.org/10.31538/munaddhomah.v5i4.1430
Zaenurrosyid, A., Sholihah, H., & Hidayatuloh, N. (2024). The Islamic philanthropy model based on maslahah principles for developing Islamic campus in Java. Ijtihad : Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam Dan Kemanusiaan, 24(2), 279–304. https://doi.org/10.18326/ijtihad.v24i2.279-304
Zaman, A. Q., Srinarwati, D. R., & Suhari, S. (2024). Leadership Model of Pesantren The Counteract of Religious Blasphemy Movement In Indonesia. At-Ta’dib, 18(2), 209–230. https://doi.org/10.21111/attadib.v18i2.10571
Zou, H., Yao, J., Zhang, Y., & Huang, X. (2024). The Influence of Teachers’ Intrinsic Motivation on Students’ Intrinsic Motivation: The Mediating Role of Teachers’ Motivating Style and Teacher-Student Relationships. Psychology in the Schools, 61(1), 272–286. https://doi.org/10.1002/PITS.23050
Zulfikar, A. S., Roesminingsih, M. V., & Soedjarwo. (2023). Policies Implementation by Pesantren Effective Schools to Achieve Excellence in Morality and General Sciences: A Case from Indonesia. Res Militaris, 13(1), 191–203. https://resmilitaris.net/issue-content/policies-implementation-by-pesantren-effective-schools-to-achieve-excellence-in-morality-and-general-sciences-a-case-from-indonesia-826
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Akmal Mundiri, Najiburrohman Najiburrohman, Hasan Jali, Dinda Febrianti Putri (Author)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms: (1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC-BY-SA) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal; (2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal; (3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website), as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).














